What was one of the major catalysts for change in school counseling approaches?

The launch of Sputnik and its implications for education served as a major catalyst for change in school counseling approaches because it highlighted the need for the United States to enhance its educational system to compete in the global arena, particularly in the fields of science and technology. Following the Soviet Union's successful launch of the first artificial satellite in 1957, there arose a widespread realization that American education needed to evolve rapidly to prepare students for the challenges of the modern world. This led to reforms in educational practices and significant changes in school counseling, emphasizing career guidance, academic achievement, and the development of skills critical for future success in a competitive economy.

The emphasis shifted towards a more comprehensive approach that prepared students not only for academic tests but also for future educational and career paths, recognizing the role of counseling as integral to fostering student success. Such developments underscored the importance of school counseling in advocating for student performance and emotional well-being amid changing educational landscapes.