What must a counselor do if they determine a client is at risk for harming themselves or others?

When a counselor determines that a client is at risk for harming themselves or others, the most appropriate course of action is to take the steps necessary to prevent harm. This involves a proactive approach where the counselor assesses the level of risk, engages in a safety planning process, and may take immediate actions such as contacting emergency services, involving family members, or making arrangements for hospitalization if necessary.

Taking steps to prevent harm is rooted in the ethical obligation of the counselor to protect the welfare of their clients and others. This responsibility is guided by principles such as beneficence (promoting the well-being of clients) and nonmaleficence (avoiding harm). Counselors are trained to recognize warning signs and implement strategies that reduce risks, ensuring safety while also providing appropriate support and intervention.

In contrast, taking a client out of their environment, referring them to another professional, or ignoring the risk do not adequately address the immediate need for safety and intervention. These actions might neglect the counselor's responsibility to intervene decisively and effectively when a client demonstrates potential self-harm or harm to others.